Energies, Free Full-Text
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Energies, Free Full-Text
System cost reductions and development of standardised plug-and-function systems are some of the most important goals for solar heating technology development. Retrofitting hot water boilers in single-family houses when installing solar collectors has the potential to significantly reduce both material and installation costs. In this study, the TRNSYS simulation models of the retrofitting solar thermal system were validated against measurements. Results show that the validated models are in good agreement with measurements. On an annual basis a deviation of 2.5% out of 1099 kWh was obtained between the auxiliary energy from results and from the simulation model for a complete system. Using the validated model a system optimization was carried out with respect to control strategies for auxiliary heating, heat losses and volume of auxiliary storage. A sensitivity analysis was carried out regarding different volumes of retrofitted hot water boiler, DHW profiles and climates. It was estimated that, with adequate improvements, extended annual solar fractions of 60%, 78% and 81% can be achieved for Lund (Sweden), Lisbon (Portugal) and Lusaka (Zambia), respectively. The correspondent collector area was 6, 4 and 3 m2, respectively. The studied retrofitted system achieves a comparable performance with conventional solar thermal systems with the potential to reduce the investment cost.
Think Energy
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Full-text datasets from Elsevier scientific literature
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The free world needs to grow up about energy policy – Orange County Register
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Report: Healthy Fossil Fuel Free World Means Re-Imagining New Clean Energy Future - The Global Climate and Health Alliance
[Harman, Antonia] on . *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Energy Secrets: How to Live Life to Your Full Potential
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Energy Secrets: How to Live Life to Your Full Potential
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Inner pore hydration free energy controls the activation of big potassium channels - ScienceDirect
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Solved Work, Energy, and Conservation of Energy Free
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Folding Free Energy Landscape of Ordered and Intrinsically Disordered Proteins
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4D Free Sample
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Temperature dependence of the TiN(001) surface free energy predicted by
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Changes in Energy Expenditure Resulting from Altered Body Weight
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The Essence of Sound: Full Spectrum Vibrational Healing for the Meridians, Chakras, Auric Fields & Figure Eight Energies: Evelyn Mulders: 9780997282566: : Books
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